(0) Not at The Community Preventive Services Task Force recommends collaborative care for the management of depressive disorders, based on strong evidence of effectiveness in improving depression symptoms, adherence and response to treatment, and remission and recovery from depression. Baby Pediatric Symptom Checklist 12-question tool to screen children 1 - 18 months of age; Part of SWYCEmotion Screening NIH Toolbox (requires iPad; ages 3-to-adult; age-dependent variables) Family Psychosocial Screen Parental depression, Substance abuse, Domestic violence, Parental history of abuse, Social supports Mental Health Screening & Assessment Tools for Primary … The USPSTF found no studies of screening instruments for depression in children aged ≤11 years in primary care (or comparable) settings and concludes that the evidence is inadequate. 2 The 10-question Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a valuable and effici ent way of identifying patients at risk for “perinatal” depression. Patient Health Questionnaires (PHQs) The CDI has two forms: The original 27-item version, and the 10-item short-form version, which takes between 5 and 15 minutes for the child to complete. Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) a. A list of the current USPSTF members is available at www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Name/our-members. Methods: A sample of 406 pediatric hospital patients, aged 9 to 12 years (56.2% male, 77.1% inpatients), completed the German CDI. POPULATION: This recommendation applies to children and adolescents aged ≤18 years who do not have an MDD diagnosis. NOTE: The American Academy of Pediatrics does not approve nor endorse any specific tool for screening purposes. Medications for the treatment of depression, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), have acknowledged harms. Aron Janssen, MD is board certified in child, adolescent, and adult psychiatry and is the vice chair of child and adolescent psychiatry Northwestern University. A number of comments focused on the phrase “adequate systems.” Some commenters requested a more detailed definition of what constitutes an “adequate system” for screening, others recommended removing the conditional term “when,” and others recommended that the requirement for adequate systems be stronger. The USPSTF commissioned a systematic evidence review to update the 2009 USPSTF recommendation on screening for child and adolescent MDD among primary care populations.3,4 To focus on the population most likely to benefit from screening and intervention, the scope of the review was narrowed to focus on screening for and treatment of MDD. Depression screening, reported with 96127, is typically a covered preventive service for adolescents age 12 to 18 and is a quality measure in many pediatric quality initiatives. Therefore, the target population for the tools is children aged 0 to 5 years. Only 4 studies examined the harms of treatment with SSRIs in children and adolescents. Address correspondence to USPSTF Senior Project Coordinator, 5600 Fishers Ln, Rockville, MD 20857. No studies included children aged <11 years. The Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), Ⓒ 2021 About, Inc. (Dotdash) — All rights reserved, Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Evidence-based screening tools that include reports from parents and early childhood professionals can help parents and healthcare professionals talk about the child’s development in a systematic way. 2012;73(5):369-374. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2012.08.016. The USPSTF concludes that MDD screening itself is unlikely to be associated with significant harms, aside from opportunity costs, labeling and potential stigma associated with a positive screening result, and referral for further evaluation and treatment. A requirement for effective screening is a screening tool with demonstrated high accuracy. A computerised screening instrument for adolescent depression: population-based validation and application to a two-phase case-control study. Five SSRI trials reported on harms and found no significant differences between intervention groups, although none of the studies was powered to detect these differences. In addition, a child who receives a positive score on the CDI should be referred for a comprehensive evaluation by a licensed mental health professional. Is There a Test That Determines If You Have Depression? AHRQ Publication No. Risk factors for MDD in children and adolescents include female gender, older age, family (especially maternal) history of depression, previous episode of depression, other mental health/behavioral problems, chronic medical illness, overweight and obesity, and, in some studies, Hispanic race/ethnicity. Finally, inadequate support and follow-up may result in treatment failures or harms, as indicated by the FDA boxed warning. Daily Tips for a Healthy Mind to Your Inbox, Data and Statistics on Children's Mental Health, Is the children's depression inventory short version a valid screening tool in pediatric care? 4 Depression. 116. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The USPSTF found 8 fair- or good-quality RCTs that reported health outcomes in children or adolescents with MDD detected through screening who were treated with SSRIs (4 RCTs), psychotherapy (2 RCTs), SSRIs combined with psychotherapy (1 RCT), or collaborative care (1 RCT). It consists of 20 items related to depression that the child or adolescent rates on a scale ranging from “Not at All” to “A Lot”. What Are the Signs That You Are Severely Depressed? The USPSTF concludes that the evidence on the harms of psychotherapy and collaborative care in adolescents is adequate to estimate that the magnitude of harms is small to none. Postpartum depression is the most common complication of childbearing. The USPSTF found no evidence on appropriate or recommended screening intervals, and the optimal screening interval is unknown. The causes of MDD are not fully known and likely involve a combination of genetic, biologic, and environmental factors. Some children may not talk about their helpless and hopeless thoughts, and may not appear sad. Rather, the goal is for the results of the test to be shared with your doctor to inform further conversations about diagnosis and treatment. In some children and adolescents with MDD, these symptoms may present as periods of disruptive mood and irritability rather than as a sad mood and may last for weeks, months, or even years. Evidence Synthesis No. Similarly, the USPSTF notes that policy and coverage decisions involve considerations in addition to the evidence of clinical benefits and harms. Screening negative on a screening test, however, does not always preclude referral when clinical judgment or parental concerns suggest otherwise. To clarify the recommendation, the USPSTF separated the recommendation into 2 statements: 1 to support screening and 1 to explain how screening should be implemented. Another sample of the PHQ-9 Modified for Teens is available through the Community Care of North Carolina. You can call Samaritans free on 116 123 if you want to talk to someone now. Other psychosocial risk factors for MDD include childhood abuse or neglect, exposure to traumatic events (including natural disasters), loss of a loved one or romantic relationship, family conflict, uncertainty about sexual orientation, low socioeconomic status, and poor academic performance. The USPSTF found no direct evidence on the harms of screening for MDD in adolescents. A positive result on an initial screening test does not necessarily indicate the need for treatment. This guideline covers identifying and managing depression in children and young people aged 5 to 18 years. 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